Omeprazole

Omeprazole:

Availability:
i.   Rolling capsule 20 mg contain coated pellets of Omeprazole 20mg.
ii.  Rolling capsule 20 mg contain coated pellets of Omeprazole 40mg

Function and action:

Omeprazole a substituted benzimidazole is a proton pump inhibitor that inhibits gastric acid secretion.
It is an antisecretory compound the substituted benzimidazole that does not exhibit anticholinergic or histamine properties. Its stops secretion of gastric acid by blocking the enzyme system.

Metabolism:

Omeprazole is completely metabolized in the liver. Peak plasma concentration (PPP) 40mg achieved in 0.5 to 3.5 hours. Absorption of Omeprazole is not affected by food and also appears to be dose-dependent. The systematic bioavailability of omeprazole is approximately 35%. After repeated once daily dose the bioavailability increased to about 60%.

Elimination and Excretion:

      Following absorption of Omeprazole is almost completely metabolized in the liver. The majority of dose about 77% in urine and the remainder is in the faeces, the elimination half-life from plasma is 0.5 to three hours.

Indications:

Omeprazole is indicated for the treatment of
1.     Gastroesophageal reflux disease.
2.     Gastric and Duodenal Ulcer.
3.     Treatment and prophylaxis of NSAID associated ulceration
4.       Treatment of eradication of Helicobacter pylon infection associated with peptic ulcer disease.
5.     Zollinger Ellison Syndrome.
6.     Dyspepsia.
7.     Prophylaxis of acid aspiration.

Dosage and Administration:

Omeprazole capsule is taken by mouth with should be swallowed whole and not crushed and chewed.
Gastro oesophagal reflux disease.
The recommended adult oral dose of 20 mg daily for 4 weeks.   
Erosive esophagitis
For this dosages 20mg daily for 4 to 8 weeks.

Adverse Effects:

Omeprazole is well tolerated.
In some cases diarrhoea, Constipation, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting.

Precautions:

      During pregnancy, Omeprazole is given only when potential benefit justifies the risk of the fetus.
Nursing mothers.
It is not known whether omeprazole is excreted in human milk.

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